vero african 318 green monkey kidney epithelial cell line  (ATCC)

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Anthraquinones derived from soil actinomycetes combat multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.1038/s42003-026-09739-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cytotoxicity of 13394-2 toward Vero ( A ), HeLa ( B ), and RAW ( C ) cells ( n = 3/group). After 24 h of treatment at various concentrations, as measured by a CCK-8 assay. D Hemolytic activity of 13394-2 against red blood cells at concentrations ranging from 0 to 128 μg/mL ( n = 3/group). E , F In vivo hepatotoxicity evaluation in BALB/c mice following oral administration of 13394-2 at 10 mg/kg ( n = 5/group). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, E ) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, F ) levels were measured on days 3 and 10 posttreatment. Renal function was assessed in the same mouse model by measuring serum creatinine (CREA, G ) and urea (UREA, H ) levels at the indicated time points ( n = 5/group). The data are presented as the means ± standard deviations from at least three independent biological replicates. Statistical significance was determined via two-tailed unpaired t tests. NS, no statistically significant difference.

Article Snippet: The African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line Vero (ATCC CCL-81, RRID:CVCL_0059), human cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa (ATCC CCL-2, RRID:CVCL_0030) and RAW 264.7 (ATCC TIB-71, RRID:CVCL_0493) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Activity Assay, In Vivo, Two Tailed Test